نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
This study examines civil rights in the context of civil disobedience through Imam Ali’s teachings and governance practices as presented in Nahj al-Balagha. Civil disobedience, defined as the deliberate, public, and nonviolent violation of law to reform existing practices, lies at the intersection of individual rights and state authority. The central question is how Imam Ali’s model of governance safeguards the fundamental rights of protesting citizens while distinguishing civic reform from actions that undermine public order and institutional stability. Using a descriptive-analytical approach to religious texts, the study examines Imam Ali’s teachings and practical conduct in this regard. The findings indicate that, within the intellectual and practical framework of Nahj al-Balagha, criticism and protest are recognized as citizens’ rights, while rulers are obligated to accept valid criticism and take corrective action. Imam Ali established a pioneering framework for recognizing the rights of political opposition by delineating the boundaries between protected dissent and violent or armed action. As long as critics and protesters refrain from violence and armed action, their social and economic rights—including their entitlement to a share of the public treasury—and freedom of expression remain protected. The model derived from Nahj al-Balagha thus provides a jurisprudential and legal foundation for legitimizing nonviolent civic action. By reducing the costs of criticism within Islamic society, it identifies governmental tolerance as a key safeguard of social cohesion and a means of preventing political deadlock.
کلیدواژهها English
