The relationship between theological thought and political-social thought and action is among the important and valuable subjects for scientific investigation. How one thinker becomes convinced of specific political thought and action and the creation of major transformations based on his theological foundations, while another scholar recommends stagnation and lack of change, is a very important issue. In this regard, the present research addresses the question of how, among theological beliefs, the category of "attribution of actions to God" can influence the outputs of a Muslim thinker's political thought. The hypothesis of the research is that the discussion of the attribution of human action to God is the most important theological discussion that has a direct relationship with political theorizing and the political action of the thinking individual. The case study of this research is the opinions of Imam Khomeini and Imam Fakhr Razi. By examining the theories and objections raised regarding the attribution of human actions to God—such as Jabr (determinism), Tafwīḍ (delegation), and Amr bayn al-amrayn (the matter between the two matters)—from the viewpoints of Imam Khomeini and Fakhr Razi, this research highlights the distinctions between the opinions of these two Muslim thinkers and attempts to analyze its impacts on their most important political-social opinions. This research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, and the results indicate that Imam Khomeini's view is based on combining the total influence of the Truth's (God's) will and Mashī'ah (volition) with man being a chosen agent (Fā‘il Mukhtār) and the levels of divine Qaḍā’ (decree) and Qadar (destiny); this very matter caused him to consider social transformation and change as resulting from human effort and the attachment of divine will simultaneously. Consequently, its output was manifested in the presentation of theories such as Wilāyat al-Faqīh (Guardianship of the Jurist) and Islamic Government. However, Fakhr Razi believes in the attribution of actions directly to God, the result of which type of attitude is the stagnation of society.