Transcendent Policy

Transcendent Policy

An Examination of the Role of U.S. Security Policyin the 21st Century and Global Security Crises

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Hamid Jahangiry 1
Fakhreddin Soltany 2
Armin Amini 2
1 PhD. student, Department of International Relations, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 Department of International Relations, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
10.22034/sm.2022.1982743.1983
Abstract
The formulation of U.S. national and regional security in the 21st century is a function of the power equation and geopolitical shifts within the international system; this dynamic remains consistently influenced by changes in the orientation of the hegemonic and system-structuring power. Alterations in the balance of power leave their impact on the trajectory of regional competitions among actors, including the United States. U.S. security policy in the 21st century has led to the emergence of intractable crises. The primary research question of this study is: "What impact have U.S. regional security strategies in the 21st century exerted on international politics and regional order?" Furthermore, the research is grounded in the hypothesis that "the security strategy and functions of the United States in the 21st century—which encompass an evolutionary trajectory from acute unilateralism (preemptive war) to regional multilateralism—have established the groundwork for crises in international politics." Data analysis was conducted using the fundamental analysis method. Findings reveal that while the Bush and Obama administrations differed in their general definition of threats and challenges facing the United States, they largely concurred regarding national security objectives; their fundamental divergence lay in the relative importance accorded to international order. The national security strategies of Bush and Obama concerning foreign policy tools and approaches were substantially similar (excluding preemptive war). Conversely, the Trump administration reconceptualized threat identification and reformulated objectives and approaches, adopting a "self-reliance" strategy aimed at achieving the "America First" slogan. Collectively, although evolution is observable in U.S. foreign policy, its outcomes—manifest as crises across various regions—have remained unchanged.
Keywords
Strategic policy, United States, Preemptive war, Regional multilateralism, Offshore balancing, International order, Foreign policy
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Transcendent Policy
Volume 13, Issue 1
Winter 2025
Pages 199-214