In the history of Iran during the Ilkhanid era, Sufi tolerance emerged as a dominant value resulting from the intertwining of power strategies and resistance. This study, employing discourse analysis and drawing on primary sources such as Safwat al-Safa, Jamiʿ al-Tawarikh, and other mystical texts, examines the discursive mechanisms of the formation and expansion of Sufi tolerance. The findings indicate that the indifference of the atheist Mongols toward different religions, their belief in the efficacy of prayers from followers of all faiths for the Great Khan, and the large-scale population displacements caused by Mongol and Roman invasions provided a fertile ground for the growth of the discourse of tolerance. Mystics and Sufis, relying on doctrines such as the unity of existence (waḥdat al-wujūd), love for creation, and the hiddenness of truth, promoted religious tolerance. Rumi, by rejecting any monopoly on truth and emphasizing the peaceful coexistence of religions; Saʿdi, through an ethical approach emphasizing altruism; and Ibn ʿArabī, with his theory of the heart as receptive to every form, each played a role in producing and expanding the discourse of tolerance. However, this study shows that the hegemony of Sufi tolerance was not merely a product of mystical thought but a direct consequence of Mongol power strategies, which, by refusing to favor any particular religion and by providing financial support to Sufi lodges (khānaqāhs), created space for Sufism to flourish. In contrast, legal scholars (mutasharriʿīn) and jurists (fuqahāʾ) constantly criticized the tolerant current of the Sufis, accusing it of deviation from the Sharia. The article also examines the transformation of the discourse of tolerance in the era of Muslim Ilkhanids, showing how, with the conversion of Ghazan Khan to Islam and especially during the period of Abu Saʿid, the atmosphere of tolerance gave way to fanatical rigidity, and works such as Shabstarī's Saʿādatnāma reflect this discursive shift. The conclusion is that Sufi tolerance in the Ilkhanid era was a dynamic, discursive phenomenon that emerged at the intersection of power, resistance, and social change, and was never immune to jurisprudential challenges.The conclusion is that Sufi tolerance in the Ilkhanid era was a dynamic, discursive phenomenon that emerged at the intersection of power, resistance, and social change, and was never immune to jurisprudential challenges.