Abstract:

Constructive interaction between freedom of expression and the right to criticize plays a vital role in ensuring accountability, transparency, and ultimately the effectiveness of government systems, including Islamic government. Despite the theoretical importance of these two concepts in Islamic thought, how to achieve a desirable and effective interaction model between them that strengthens the foundations of government and advances the public interest remains a matter of debate and requires careful analysis. This research aims to present a desirable model of interaction between freedom of expression and the right to constructive criticism within the framework of the Islamic government and focuses on increasing the efficiency of the system. The main question of the research is: What are the basic components and mechanisms of the desirable model of interaction between freedom of expression and the right to constructive criticism, which leads to the efficiency of the Islamic government? This article examines the theoretical, jurisprudential foundations and practical requirements of this interaction using a descriptive-analytical research method and using library and documentary resources. Therefore, to collect the material, in addition to referring to reputable scientific sources and books in the field of political science and political thought, a collection of articles and opinions from domestic and foreign experts and thinkers was also utilized. The research findings show that the desired model is based on principles such as the principle of mutual accountability between the ruler and the citizen, the principle of distinguishing between constructive and destructive criticism, the principle of information transparency, and the principle of judicial security for critics. Its realization requires mechanisms such as institutionalizing formal and informal channels for receiving criticism, strengthening a culture of accepting criticism among agents, and developing transparent legal frameworks to guarantee responsible freedom of expression. This research concludes that achieving efficiency in Islamic governance depends on creating and institutionalizing a dynamic and balanced model of interaction between freedom of expression and the right to constructive criticism, in which, while protecting legitimate freedoms, the capacity of criticism is utilized to reform matters and improve governance. Keywords: freedom of expression, right to criticism, constructive criticism, Islamic governance, efficiency of the system, interactive model, political jurisprudence.