Abstract

A party is a modern political institution and refers to an organized group or collection of individuals who share common political ideas and strive for specific goals. One of the most important goals of a party is to convey popular demands and demands to decision-making centers and to influence the legitimacy and acceptability of the ruling systems. The two countries of Iran and Turkey in the Islamic world have a long history of forming political parties and groups. However, they are far from the desired level in organizing and attracting people's participation for the purpose of political development. It seems that after the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the process of developing a party system in Iran has been in the expansion stage and has not yet reached the institutional stage, but in Turkey this issue has become more similar to modern party models in the world. In this article, we intend to answer the question, "What impact has the religious-Islamic political system of Iran had on the party policies of these two countries compared to the secular political system of Turkey?" by taking into account the cultural, social and neighborhood affinities and comparative comparison of the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran with the political system of Turkey using the descriptive-analytical method and within the framework of Patrice Durand's theory. The research findings indicate that the religious political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, compared to the secular political system of Turkey, has had a direct impact on the party policies of the two countries, so that the differences in the party policies of the two countries are greater than their similarities. Finally, we will evaluate their conditions, strengths and weaknesses in a comparative manner so that the results of this study, which is unique in its kind, can be used in the form of suggestions for improving the performance and role of parties in the path of achieving true democracy for the purpose of greater participation and to ensure popular legitimacy and the stability of the ruling system.

Keywords: Political parties, party policymaking, political development,justice. political system.