نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Educational curricula play a significant role in institutionalizing the values of the prevailing ideology. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study is to examine the components of political modernization reflected in high school civic education textbooks during the rule of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2001–2021). The principal research question is: What role did civic education textbooks play in institutionalizing the components of political modernization? The study assumes that educational institutions, instructional programs, and school textbooks are of particular importance in achieving the “new society” and the “new individual,” regarded as the most significant outcomes of modernization in general and political modernization in particular, and that the components of political modernization were adequately reflected in civic education textbooks. This study employs both content analysis and a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that components of modernization, including political participation, democracy, gender equality, human rights, and freedom of the press, were prominently emphasized in civic education textbooks. However, the necessary conditions for sustaining these components were not established. Insecurity, an irrational political culture, gender inequality, and a crisis of authority were among the factors that prevented the emergence of the new individual and the new society as outcomes of modernization in Afghanistan. The absence of effective agents and institutional structures, together with the lack of objective and subjective conditions necessary for liberal values, of which the components of modernization constitute a part, ultimately led to the collapse of Afghanistan’s political system after twenty years.
کلیدواژهها English
