This article analyzes the political approach of the Holy Quran and the impact of imperative and prohibitive styles in the verses related to jihad. The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the human, social, and political relationships in the verses of jihad and to examine the effects of these styles on political and social decision-making during the time of the Prophet (PBUH) and thereafter. The findings of the study reveal that the verses of jihad, particularly in Surahs Al-Baqarah, Al-Imran, and At-Tawbah, are designed to highlight the ethical and social aspects of jihad alongside its military dimensions. The imperative and prohibitive styles in these verses not only convey divine commands but also introduce secondary meanings related to justice, advocacy for rights, and the defense of the oppressed. This approach reminds Muslims that jihad transcends the concept of military struggle and is introduced as a means to achieve justice and social balance.



In this research, analytical and interpretive methods have been employed to examine the verses of jihad. Drawing on authoritative commentaries such as Al-Mizan (by Allamah Tabatabai) and Majma' al-Bayan (by Tabarsi), the study demonstrates that jihad in the Quran is not merely a physical struggle but is defined as an effort to uphold human rights, defend the vulnerable, and establish social justice. For instance, verse 190 of Surah Al-Baqarah, which states, "Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not like transgressors," clearly emphasizes the necessity of adhering to ethical and humanitarian principles in jihad. This verse, along with similar ones, illustrates that jihad in the Quran is a tool for achieving justice and defending the rights of the oppressed, rather than being solely a military action. In general, a deeper understanding of the secondary meanings of imperative and prohibitive styles in the Quran can contribute to the establishment of social and political institutions based on justice and peaceful coexistence. This approach can pave the way for constructive dialogues among different religions and cultures and enhance the understanding of the human and ethical principles of jihad. Ultimately, these findings can lead to the establishment of security, peace, and friendship in diverse societies and provide a model for policymaking based on Islamic and humanitarian principles. By emphasizing the ethical and social dimensions of jihad, this article takes a step toward a deeper understanding of Quranic concepts and their application in contemporary societies.