The importance of the formation of civil society in the development process of a society is inevitable because the formation of a desirable civil society in a society has important functions such as reducing social and political conflicts, preventing unilateralism, and limiting the sphere of influence and aggression of the government in social affairs. Its most important function is to pursue the demands of the people through legal channels and limit the sphere of influence of government organizations, civil liberties, the possibility of active participation of the community, and respect for citizenship rights. The most important civil institutions in Iran can be divided into four groups: semi-governmental civil organizations, non-governmental organizations, city and village Islamic councils, and political parties. Most members belong to closed institutions and social institutions such as religious bodies. In this regard, the present article seeks to answer the main question: what obstacles are the foundations for the realization of civil society in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran facing? The findings of the research, which were obtained through descriptive and analytical methods, show that the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been considered by the constitutional legislator in many of the foundations and platforms for the creation and expansion of civil society, such as citizenship rights, support for the formation of parties and holding gatherings, attention to the people's right to sovereignty and creating a platform for their participation in their social destiny, as well as an emphasis on combating autocracy and totalitarianism of the government. However, due to factors such as: vague and limited interpretation of the principles of the Constitution, supervision and control of the government and the government over the principles of the Constitution, the absence of powerful civil institutions, non-governmental organizations, popular organizations, lack of free and independent media, and the creation of a rentier state, which allows government officials to obstruct the creation of gatherings and civil organizations, and public media, mainly due to the need for government financial support, do not play their role in enlightening and disseminating public opinion and have a less critical approach towards the government and officials. The aforementioned factors are the most important obstacles to the expansion of civil society in the Islamic Republic of Iran.