Mechanisms for Safeguarding Public Rights inthe Iranian Legal System in Light ofGood Governance

Sheykhi, Saba; Ebrahimian, Hojatolaah; Hakakzadeh, Mohammadreza

doi:10.22034/sm.2023.2008350.2111

Mechanisms for Safeguarding Public Rights inthe Iranian Legal System in Light ofGood Governance

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Saba Sheykhi ¹

Hojatolaah Ebrahimian ²

Mohammadreza Hakakzadeh ³

¹ PhD. student, Department of Public Law, Qo.C., Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

² Department of Public Law, Qo.C., Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

³ Department of Law, Qo.C., Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

10.22034/sm.2023.2008350.2111

Abstract

The primary objective of this study is to examine the foundations, mechanisms, and effective strategies for safeguarding public rights in the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with an emphasis on the principles of good governance. The present research seeks to analyze the role of the judiciary in realizing justice and upholding public rights from the perspective of fundamental principles such as the rule of law, separation of powers, and judicial independence. The central issue of the study is that, despite the explicit constitutional emphasis on the necessity of “upholding public rights” by the judiciary, a clear definition
of these rights and the necessary executive mechanisms for their protection have yet to be established. Consequently, the main research question is to what extent the Iranian legal system has been able to provide effective tools and mechanisms for safeguarding public rights and what challenges exist in this regard. The research method is descriptive-analytical, adopting an interdisciplinary approach that simultaneously considers jurisprudential discussions, public law, and governance theories. Among the key findings of this study are the emphasis on the judiciary’s vital role in enforcing social justice, strengthening public oversight, and preventing the authoritarian tendencies of executive bodies. Additionally, the principle of the rule of law, as a fundamental pillar in guaranteeing public rights, and the independence of the judiciary, as a tool to prevent political interference in judicial processes, are identified as key elements in safeguarding public rights. To fully realize the protection of public rights, comprehensive legislation, effective oversight, and the collaboration of governmental and civil institutions must be strengthened. Furthermore, implementing constitutional provisions regarding the protection of citizens’ rights requires clarifying concepts, enacting supplementary regulations, and enhancing the responsiveness of responsible institutions to the public.

Keywords

Public rights, separation of powers, judicial independence, rule of law, good governance, Iranian legal system

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